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Objective In this study, we aimed to investigate the prevalence of diplopia in cases with type 1 Duane retraction syndrome (DRS). Materials and methods This study was a retrospective review of cases involving patients presenting diagnosed with DRS over a period of 24 years. Among these cases, 28 had type 1 DRS and fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The cases were evaluated in terms of age, gender, affected eye, concomitant ocular motility disorders, presence of amblyopia, manifest shift, abnormal head position (AHP), fusion, and stereopsis. Results Sixteen of the patients (57.1%) in the study were female, and 12 (42.8%) were male; the mean age of the patients was 18.9 years (range: 7-67 years). The right eye was affected in six of the cases (21.4%), and the left eye in 22 (78.6%) of the cases. On examination, diplopia was not observed in 21 (75%) cases, but it was detected in seven (25%). AHP was present in five of the seven cases with diplopia and not present in two, and all seven of the diplopic cases had fusion, while three had stereopsis. The level of stereopsis in all diplopic cases was 400 sn/ark. When the clinical findings of patients with diplopia and those without diplopia were compared, a statistically significant difference was observed only in terms of AHP. Conclusions Although diplopia is not one of the clinical features of DRS, it must be noted that in cases with type 1 DRS, diplopia may occur in directions in which the movement of the eyeball is limited. In the presence of this finding, which might mimic sixth nerve palsy, patient history must be diligently taken, other clinical findings of DRS must be thoroughly examined, and an MRI should be performed when necessary for an easier diagnosis.
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Objectives This study aimed to compare the presence of blepharitis, ocular tension (OT) with corneal thickness, refractive values and ocular axial length changes in premenopausal and postmenopausal women. Materials and methods Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), oestradiol (E2), refractive values with prolactin, refractions in horizontal and vertical meridians, OT values, ocular axial length, central corneal thickness and the presence of blepharitis were evaluated in 153 premenopausal patients and 142 postmenopausal patients. Results Statistically significant differences were found for the values for right eye OT (P < 0.001), left eye OT (P < 0.001) and presence of blepharitis. There appears to be no relationship between corneal refractive values corneal thickness or ocular axial length. Conclusions Woman in postmenopausal period should be examined by ophthalmologist because of the significant increase in blepharitis and OT.
RESUMO
Purpose. To demonstrate the relation between optic neuritis (ON) and systemic inflammation markers as neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (N/L ratio), platelet count, mean platelet volume (MPV), and red cell distribution width (RDW) and furthermore to evaluate the utilization of these markers to predict the frequency of the ON episodes. Methods. Forty-two patients with acute ON and forty healthy subjects were enrolled into the study. The medical records were reviewed for age, sex, hemoglobin (Hb), Haematocrit (Htc), RDW, platelet count, MPV, white blood cell count (WBC), neutrophil and lymphocyte count, and neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (N/L ratio). Results. The mean N/L ratio, platelet counts, and RDW were significantly higher in ON group (p = 0.000, p = 0.048, and p = 0.002). There was a significant relation between N/L ratio and number of episodes (r = 0.492, p = 0.001). There was a statistically significant difference for MPV between one episode group and recurrent ON group (p = 0.035). Conclusions. Simple and inexpensive laboratory methods could help us show systemic inflammation and monitor ON patients. Higher N/L ratio can be a useful marker for predicting recurrent attacks.
